Third-order modified coefficient scheme based on essentially non-oscillatory scheme

A third-order numerical scheme is presented to give approximate solutions to multi-dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws only using modified coefficients of an essentially non-oscillatory （MCENO） scheme without increasing the base points during construction of the scheme. The construction process shows that the modified coefficient approach preserves favourable properties inherent in the original essentially nonoscillatory （ENO） scheme for its essential non-oscillation, total variation bounded （TVB）, etc. The new scheme improves accuracy by one order compared to the original one. The proposed MCENO scheme is applied to simulate two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor （RT） instability with densities 1：3 and 1：100, and solve the Lax shock-wave tube numerically. The ratio of CPU time used to implement MCENO, the .third-order ENO and fifth-order weighed ENO （WENO） schemes is 0.62：1：2.19. This indicates that MCENO improves accuracy in smooth regions and has higher accuracy and better efficiency compared to the original ENO scheme.     

Two dimensional analytical solution for a partially vegetated compound channel flow

The theory of an eddy viscosity model is applied to the study of the flow in a compound channel which is partially vegetated. The governing equation is constituted by analyzing the longitudinal forces acting on the unit volume where the effect of the vegetation on the flow is considered as a drag force item, The compound channel is divided into 3 sub-regions in the transverse direction, and the coefficients in every region＇s differential equations were solved simultaneously. Thus, the analytical solution of the transverse distribution of the depth-averaged velocity for uniform flow in a partially vegetated compound channel was obtained. The results can be used to predict the transverse distribution of bed shear stress, which has an important effect on the transportation of sediment. By comparing the analytical results with the measured data, the analytical solution in this paper is shown to be sufficiently accurate to predict most hydraulic features for engineering design purposes.     

对碎裂结构岩体似连续介质特征的一点研究

通常情况下认为碎裂结构的岩体具有非连续介质的特征。但是随着西部大量水电工程的勘查和建设,遇到了一类比较特殊的岩体,这类岩体中裂隙发育,结构面间距很小,按照国标划分为碎裂结构岩体,但是其本身又具有较高的力学性质,表现为具有较高的变形模量、抗剪强度参数和完整性系数,并且具有似连续介质的特征,这与通常的碎裂结构岩体有本质的区别。本文将利用两个实例工程对这一现象进行初步的分析,得到了水电工程可利用岩体的一种新的评价方法。     

THEORETICAL RELATIONS OF BOUNDARY DISPLACEMENT DERIVATIVES AND TRACTIONS AT SINGULAR BOUNDARY POINT FOR 2D ISOTROPIC ELASTIC PROBLEMS

Although boundary displacement and traction are independent field variables in boundary conditions of an elasticity problem at a non-singular boundary point, there exist definite relations of singularity intensities between boundary displacement derivatives and tractions at a singular boundary point. The analytical forms of the relations at a singular smooth point for 2D isotropic elastic problems have been established in this work. By using the relations, positions of the singular boundary points and the corresponding singularity intensities of the unknown boundary field variables can be determined a priori. Therefore, more appropriate shape functions of the unknown boundary field variables in singular elements can be constructed. A numerical example shows that the accuracy of the BEM analysis using the developed theory is greatly increased.     

Design method for fluid viscous dampers

A basic design method of doubly acting fluid viscous dampers with double guide bars is presented. The flow of the viscoelastic fluid between two parallel plates, one of which is started suddenly and the other of which is still, is analyzed. According to this solution, the velocity and the shear stress of the fluid at the fringe of the piston are solved approximately. A mathematical model of viscous dampers is derived, and the shock test is carried out. From experimental results, the parameters of the mathematical model are determined. Consequently, a semi-empirical design equation is obtained. Applying this equation to a certain practical damper, the damping material is chosen and the physical dimensions of the damper are determined. Shock tests using this damper are performed. Theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental results, which validates the reliability of the calculated physical dimensions of the specimen damper and the validity of the basic design equation. An erratum to this article can be found at     

曲线公路隧道交通风力非稳态模拟研究

为分析小半径曲线隧道对交通风力的影响,采用移动网格和滑移交界面技术对半径600 m的曲线隧道和直线隧道进行三维非稳态数值计算.结果表明,采用动网格技术进行直线隧道交通风力计算结果与实验吻合;曲线隧道中,隧道断面风速分布表现出极不对称性,外侧风速较大,内侧较小;曲线隧道交通风力较直线隧道明显增大,汽车内车道行驶交通风力大于外车道行驶;曲线隧道中,汽车头部侧面出现了负压峰值,与直线隧道相比,该值较低,车身侧面压力沿纵向逐渐增大,汽车尾部背风面存在较低的负压区.     

Vertical motion of a spherical body with decreasing mass

The paper studies the fall and ascent in air of a spherical body with radius linearly decreasing with time. The first integral of the nonlinear equation of motion is expressed in closed form in terms of Bessel functions on the assumption that the aerodynamic drag depends on the velocity as a quadratic polynomial. The second integral is evaluated by an approximate formula. The reliability of the analytic solution is confirmed by comparing it with a numerical solution of the Cauchy problem __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 118–125, June 2008.     

T形型钢混凝土柱正截面承载力的计算方法探讨

在总结了型钢混凝土(SRC)柱承载力计算一般方法的基础上,针对T形型钢混凝土柱, 结合中国现行规范,分析了此种柱的受力特点和破坏模式,提出T形型钢混凝土柱正截面极 限承载力的计算方法,并采用该方法对一T形型钢混凝土柱的承载力进行验算. 结果表明与 试验数据吻合较好,说明本文方法具有较好的精确度和适用性.     

Aerosol observation in Fengtai area, Beijing

Measurements of aerosol number concentration and particulate matter with diameter less than 10μm (PM10) mass concentrations of urban background aerosols were performed in Fengtai area, Beijing in 2006. Black carbon (BC) was collected simultaneously from the ground and analyzed to determine the particulate matter components. To satisfy the interest in continuous monitoring of temporal and spatial distribution of aerosols, the relationship between extinction coefficient (visibility) measured by lidar remote sensing and the aerosol number concentration measured from the ground was derived by using statistical method. Vertical particle number concentration profile within the planetary boundary layer could be inversed through the lidar data as well as the statistical relation.     

Aerosol observation in Fengtai area, Beijing

Measurements of aerosol number concentration and particulate matter with diameter less than 10 μm （PM10） mass concentrations of urban background aerosols were performed in Fengtai area, Beijing in 2006. Black carbon （BC） was collected simultaneously from the ground and analyzed to determine the particulate matter components. To satisfy the interest in continuous monitoring of temporal and spatial distribution of aerosols, the relationship between extinction coefficient （visibility） measured by lidar remote sensing and the aerosol number concentration measured from the ground was derived by using statistical method. Vertical particle number concentration profile within the planetary boundary layer could be inversed through the lidar data as well as the statistical relation.